Understanding your choice of forged sleeves options
Selecting the appropriate forged sleeve is critical for ensuring your industrial processes’ efficiency, reliability, and safety. By understanding the various types of forged sleeves, the materials used in their construction, and the factors to consider when choosing the right sleeve for your application, you can optimize your system’s performance and minimize potential issues. Partnering with an experienced forged sleeve manufacturer is crucial for obtaining the best solution for your unique requirements.
Custom forged sleeves offer a tailored solution designed and manufactured to address unique challenges and performance criteria. When considering custom-forged sleeves, working with a reputable manufacturer with experience in designing and producing sleeves for your specific industry is essential.
What is a forged sleeve?
A forged sleeve is a cylindrical metal component made through forging. Forging involves heating a metal piece to a specific temperature and applying force to reshape it into the desired form. Forged sleeves are used in various industries and applications, including pipe repair, pressure vessels, and industrial equipment manufacturing.
Types of Forged Sleeves
The various types of forged sleeves, their applications, and the benefits they offer.
Open Die Forging Sleeves
Open die forging is a process that involves the use of a hammer and anvil to shape the metal into the desired form. Open die-forged sleeves are widely used in applications requiring high strength and durability. These sleeves are commonly found in the power generation, mining, and oil and gas industries.
Benefits of Open Die Forging Sleeves
- Superior strength: Open die forging imparts exceptional strength to the sleeves, making them ideal for heavy-duty applications.
- Customization: The open die forging process allows for the creation of custom shapes and sizes to meet specific application requirements.
- Reduced material waste: Open die forging minimizes material waste, leading to cost savings for manufacturers.
Closed Die Forging Sleeves
Closed-die forging involves custom-shaped dies that enclose the metal workpiece to create the desired shape. Closed die forged sleeves are commonly used in high-precision industries such as aerospace, automotive, and defense.
Benefits of Closed Die Forging Sleeves
- High accuracy: Using custom dies ensures the finished product’s high dimensional accuracy and tight tolerances.
- Enhanced surface finish: Closed die forging results in a smoother surface finish than open die forging.
- Efficient production: The closed die forging process is more efficient, enabling faster production of large sleeves.
Seamless Rolled Ring Forging Sleeves
Seamless rolled ring forging is a process that creates a continuous, circular shape by rolling a heated metal workpiece between two rollers. This type of forged sleeve is widely used in gearboxes, bearings, and flanges applications.
Benefits of Seamless Rolled Ring Forging Sleeves
- Uniformity: The seamless rolled ring forging process ensures a consistent, uniform shape throughout the sleeve.
- Improved grain structure: The rolling process refines the grain structure of the metal, resulting in increased strength and resistance to wear.
- Cost-effective: Seamless rolled ring forging is cost-effective for producing large, high-quality sleeves.
Mandrel Forging Sleeves
Mandrel forging is a specialized process that involves forging a metal workpiece around a mandrel to create a precise inner diameter. Mandrel forged sleeves are commonly used in hydraulic cylinders, piston rods, and axles.
Benefits of Mandrel Forging Sleeves
- High precision: Using a mandrel ensures precise control over the inner diameter of the sleeve.
- Superior surface finish: Mandrel forging results in a smooth, polished inner surface that minimizes friction and wear.
- Versatility: The mandrel forging process can be used with various metals, including steel, aluminum, and titanium.
Materials Used in Forged Sleeves
Forged sleeves can be made from various materials, each with unique properties suited for specific applications. Some common materials include:
Titanium forged sleeves | ASTM B381 / ASME SB381, Titanium Gr. 1, Titanium Gr. 2, Titanium Gr. 4, Titanium Gr. 5, Titanium Gr. 7, ASTM R50250/GR.1| R50400/GR.2 | R50550/GR.3 | R50700/GR.4 | GR.6 |R52400/GR.7 | R53400/GR.12 | R56320/GR.9 |R56400/GR.5 |
Copper forged sleeves | T1, T2, C10100, C10200, C10300, C10400, C10500, C10700, C10800, C10910,C10920, TP1, TP2, C10930, C11000, C11300, C11400, C11500, C11600, C12000,C12200, C12300, TU1, TU2, C12500, C14200, C14420, C14500, C14510, C14520, C14530, C17200, C19200, C21000, C23000, C26000, C27000, C27400, C28000, C33000, C33200, C37000, C44300, C44400, C44500, C60800, C63020, C68700, C70400, C70600, C70620, C71000, C71500, C71520, C71640, etc |
Copper Nickel forged sleeves | ASTM / ASME SB 61 / 62 / 151 / 152, Copper Nickel 90/10 (C70600 ), Cupro Nickel 70/30 (C71500), UNS C71640 |
Carbon Steel forged sleeves | ASTM/ASME A/SA105 A/SA105N & A/SA216-WCB, DIN 1.0402, DIN 1.0460, DIN 1.0619, Die Steel, ASTM A105 / ASME SA105, A105N, ASTM A350 LF2 / ASME SA350, High Yield CS ASTM A694 / A694 (F52 F56 F60 F65 F70 F80) |
Stainless Steel forged sleeves | ASTM/ASME A/SA182 F304, F304L, F316, F316L, ASTM/ASME A/SA351 CF8, CF3, CF8M, CF3M, DIN 1.4301, DIN 1.4306, DIN 1.4401, DIN 1.4404, DIN 1.4308, DIN 1.4408, DIN 1.4306, DIN 1.4409 |
Alloy Steel forged sleeves | ASTM A182 / ASME SA182 F5, F9, F11, F12, F22, F91 |
Hastelloy forged sleeves | ASTM B564 / ASME SB564, Hastelloy C276 (UNS N10276), C22 (UNS N06022), C4, C2000, B2, B3, X |
Brass forged sleeves | 3602 / 2604 / H59 / H62 / etc. |
Inconel forged sleeves | ASTM B564 / ASME SB564, Inconel 600, 601, 625, 718, 783, 690, x750 |
Monel forged sleeves | ASTM B564 / ASME SB564, Monel 400 (UNS No. N04400), Monel 500 (UNS No. N05500) |
Duplex forged sleeves | S31803 / S32205 A182 Gr F51 / F52 / F53 / F54 / F55 / F57 / F59 / F60 / F61 |
Super Duplex forged sleeves | S32750 / S32760 A182 Gr F51 / F52 / F53 / F54 / F55 / F57 / F59 / F60 / F61 |
Alloy 20 forged sleeves | ASTM B462 / ASME SB462, Carpenter 20 Alloy, Alloy 20Cb-3 |
Aluminium forged sleeves | 5052 /6061/ 6063 / 2017 / 7075 / etc. |
Nickel forged sleeves | ASTM B564 / ASME SB564, Nickel 200, Nickel 201, Nickel 205, Nickel 205LC |
Nimonic forged sleeves | Nimonic 75, Nimonic 80A, Nimonic 90 |
Other forged sleevesmaterial | Tin bronze, Alumunum bronze, Lead bronze |
Incoloy forged sleeves | ASTM B564 / ASME SB564, Incoloy 800, 800H, 800HT (UNS N08800), 825 (UNS N08825), 925 |
254 Smo forged sleeves | ASTM A182 / ASME SA182, SMO 254/6Mo, UNS S31254, DIN 1.4547 |
Dimensions of Forged Sleeves
The crucial dimensions of forged sleeves, namely diameter, thickness, and height, provide a better understanding of these components and their significance in various applications.
1. Diameter
The diameter of a forged sleeve is a critical dimension, as it directly impacts the sleeve’s ability to fit and function within the intended application. The diameter is typically measured across the widest part of the sleeve, from one end to the other. Depending on the industry and application, it can be expressed in millimeters (mm), inches (in), or other units. Forged sleeves come in a wide range of diameters, catering to different needs and specifications. The appropriate diameter will vary depending on factors such as:
-
The size and shape of the mating components;
-
The operational environment;
-
The type of load and stress the sleeve will be subjected to.
2. Thickness
Thickness is another essential dimension of forged sleeves, as it influences the sleeve’s strength, durability, and ability to withstand pressure and wear. The thickness of a forged sleeve refers to the radial distance between the inner and outer surfaces of the sleeve. Generally, a thicker forged sleeve will provide better resistance to wear and tear, increased strength, and longer service life.
Selecting the appropriate thickness for a forged sleeve is crucial and depends on several factors, including:
-
The operational environment and conditions;
-
The type of load and stress the sleeve will be subjected to;
-
The desired balance between strength, weight, and cost.
3. Height
The height of a forged sleeve, also known as its length or axial dimension, is the distance from one end of the sleeve to the other along its central axis. Height is a significant consideration when designing and selecting forged sleeves. It affects the component’s ability to fit within the application, distribute the load, and maintain alignment between mating components.
Selecting the appropriate height for a forged sleeve involves considering factors such as:
-
The intended application and assembly requirements;
-
The degree of load distribution and alignment necessary;
-
The potential for axial movement or expansion within the application.
Factors Influencing Forged Sleeve Dimensions
The dimensions of forged sleeves can be influenced by several factors, including the material used, the manufacturing process, and application requirements. Some key considerations include the following:
-
Material properties: Different materials have unique properties that can impact the ideal dimensions of a forged sleeve. For example, stronger materials may allow thinner sleeves, while more flexible materials may require thicker sleeves to maintain structural integrity.
-
Manufacturing process: The forging process can impact the final dimensions of a forged sleeve, as the size and shape of the dies, along with the forging temperature and pressure, can all affect the finished product. Secondary operations such as machining, heat treatment, or surface treatments may also influence the dimensions.
-
Application requirements: Ultimately, the application’s specific requirements will determine the ideal dimensions for a forged sleeve. Factors such as temperature, pressure, vibration, and wear resistance all play a role in determining the optimal size and shape of the sleeve.
The Forging Process of forged sleeves
Forged sleeves are crucial in the interconnection between pressure vessels, heat exchangers, or reactors and the rest of the process.
Forged sleeves or pipe joints, pipe fittings (referred to as sleeves) for pressure equipment such as boilers, pressure vessels, pressure pipelines, and nuclear power equipment are often processed using forged or round steel materials, in addition to seamless steel pipes of various specifications and materials. The manufacturing quality is significant for the long-term, safe, and stable use of pressure equipment.
1. Selection of Raw Materials
The manufacturing process begins with the selection of appropriate raw materials. The chosen material should have the necessary properties, such as strength, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance, to withstand the application’s operating conditions. Common materials include carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, and nickel-based alloys.
2. Steel Testing and Verification
Before production commences, raw materials must undergo rigorous testing to verify their chemical composition and ensure they meet the required specifications. This step is crucial for guaranteeing the quality and performance of the final product.
3. Steel Marking and Cutting
Next, steel ingots and billets are cut into suitable sizes and weights according to product requirements. This process involves using various cutting tools, such as saws and torches, to achieve the desired dimensions.
4. Heating and Tempering
The cut raw materials are then heated to specific temperatures determined by the material requirements. This step prepares the metal for the forging process by increasing its ductility and reducing internal stresses.
5. Forging of Sleeves
The heated metal is placed into forging equipment, undergoing various processes such as piercing, elongation, and thickness reduction. Real-time sleeve size and temperature control monitoring is achieved through infrared thermometers, ensuring precise forging.
6. Forging Inspection
Once the forging process is complete, a preliminary inspection of the sleeve blank is conducted. This inspection focuses on appearance and size, identifying defects or cracks, and verifying that the blank allowance meets the drawing requirements.
7. Insulation and Normalizing
After inspection, the sleeves undergo insulation and normalizing treatments to refine the grain size, unify the structure, and eliminate internal stress. This step helps to improve any overheating defects and prepare the sleeves for the final heat treatment.
8. Rough Machining of Sleeves
The sleeves are then subjected to rough machining and processed according to product requirements. This step leaves a margin for precision machining, which will occur later in the process.
9. Heat Treatment
A comprehensive heat treatment process improves the sleeve’s internal structure and performance. This step involves heating the sleeve to a predetermined temperature, holding it for a specific duration, and cooling it at a controlled rate. The heat treatment process can include normalizing, quenching, and tempering.
10. Finishing
After rough machining and heat treatment, the sleeves are precision-machined using CNC machine tools. This step ensures that the sleeves’ dimensional accuracy and surface finish meet the requirements specified in the drawings.
11. Product Appearance Inspection
The finished sleeves are inspected to verify their appearance meets the size specifications provided in the customer’s drawings. Additional tests, such as ultrasonic testing (UT), magnetic particle testing (MT), hardness testing, and carburization testing, may be performed as required.
12. Mechanical Performance Testing
To ensure customer satisfaction, mechanical performance testing is conducted on the sleeves. This testing evaluates yield, tensile, impact, and metallographic properties, confirming that the sleeves meet the necessary performance standards.
13. Surface Treatment and Packaging
After passing all quality inspections, the finished sleeves are treated with rust prevention and painting processes to protect them from environmental factors. They are then carefully packaged and stored in the finished product warehouse, ready for shipment.
14. Loading and Shipping
Finally, the sleeves are transferred from the finished product warehouse and prepared for loading and shipping to the customer. This step involves selecting the most efficient and reliable transportation method to ensure the sleeves reach their destination safely and on time.
The manufacturing process of forged sleeves is complex and intricate, requiring precision, expertise, and stringent quality control measures. By following these steps, manufacturers can produce high-quality forged sleeves that meet the demanding requirements of various industries. Understanding this process can help customers appreciate the value and importance of these critical components in their applications.
How to purchase the correct forged sleeves?
Purchasing the right forged sleeves is crucial for various applications, from automotive and aerospace to heavy machinery and construction. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the essential factors to consider when selecting the perfect forged sleeves for your project, ensuring you make an informed decision.
Material of Forged Sleeves
When selecting the right forged sleeves, the material is a crucial aspect. Consider the environment and application in which the sleeve will be used. Common materials include carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, and titanium. Each material offers distinct properties, such as corrosion resistance, strength, and temperature tolerance. Be sure to research which material is best suited for your specific needs.
Size and Shape of Forged Sleeves
The size and shape of forged sleeves are essential factors to consider. Determine the internal and external dimensions of the sleeve, including diameter, length, and wall thickness. Additionally, consider the sleeve’s shape – cylindrical, conical, or a custom design tailored to your requirements. Ensuring that the sleeve’s dimensions and shape are compatible with the intended application is vital.
Tolerance and Straightness of Forged Sleeves
The tolerance and straightness of a forged sleeve significantly impact its performance. Tolerance refers to the allowable deviation from the specified dimensions, while straightness measures how accurately the sleeve maintains a uniform, straight shape. A high-quality forged sleeve will have tight tolerances and excellent straightness, ensuring reliable performance and easy installation.
Surface Finish of Forged Sleeves
Surface finish is an essential aspect of forged sleeves, affecting appearance and performance. A smooth surface finish can improve corrosion and wear resistance and reduce friction. Surface finishes can be achieved through machining, grinding, or polishing processes. When selecting a forged sleeve, ensure the surface finish meets the requirements for your specific application.
Heat Treatment of Forged Sleeves
Heat treatment is a crucial step in manufacturing forged sleeves, as it enhances the material’s mechanical properties, such as strength, ductility, and toughness. Various heat treatment methods include annealing, normalizing, quenching, and tempering. Selecting a forged sleeve that has undergone the appropriate heat treatment is essential to ensure optimal performance and longevity.
Quality Certifications of Forged Sleeves
Quality certifications are an essential aspect of selecting the right forged sleeves. These certifications, such as ISO 9001, ASME, and ASTM, ensure that the manufacturer adheres to industry standards and best practices. Always verify that the manufacturer has the relevant certifications to guarantee a high-quality product when purchasing forged sleeves.
Budget and Pricing of Forged Sleeves
Budget and pricing play a significant role in the selection of forged sleeves. While staying within your budget constraints is essential, keep quality high. Factors influencing the price of forged sleeves include material, size, shape, and manufacturing processes. Conduct thorough research and obtain quotes from multiple manufacturers to make an informed decision.
How to select forged sleeves manufacturer?
Selecting the manufacturer of the right forged sleeve requires careful consideration of various factors, including quality, experience, capacity, customization, certification, pricing, location, reputation, and additional services offered. By considering all these aspects, you can make an informed decision and choose a reliable and experienced manufacturer that will deliver high-quality forged sleeves for your project.
Factors to Consider when Selecting a Forged Sleeves Manufacturer
A. Quality
The quality of the forged sleeves is of paramount importance. Always choose a manufacturer that adheres to strict quality control standards and utilizes advanced technology to produce high-quality forged sleeves.
B. Experience
The manufacturer’s experience in the industry is an essential factor to consider. An experienced manufacturer will have the knowledge and expertise to produce high-quality forged sleeves and meet your requirements.
C. Capacity
The production capacity of the manufacturer should be taken into account. Ensure the manufacturer can handle your order volume, whether a small or large-scale project.
D. Customization
Your project may require customized forged sleeves with unique specifications. Choose a manufacturer offering customization options, ensuring they meet your specific needs.
E. Certification
Check if the manufacturer holds relevant certifications, such as ISO or AS9100. These certifications are an indication of their commitment to quality and industry standards.
F. Pricing
While pricing should not be the sole determining factor, it is essential to consider the cost of the forged sleeves. Select a manufacturer that offers competitive pricing without compromising quality.
G. Location
The location of the manufacturer can affect shipping times and logistics costs. Opt for a conveniently located manufacturer that can deliver the forged sleeves within your desired timeframe.
Evaluating a Manufacturer’s Reputation
A. Customer Reviews
Read through customer reviews and testimonials to understand the manufacturer’s reputation. Positive feedback from satisfied customers is a good indication of the manufacturer’s reliability and commitment to quality.
B. Industry Recognition
Look for manufacturers that have received industry awards or recognition, which indicates their dedication to excellence and innovation in forged sleeves manufacturing.
Additional Services Offered
A. In-House Testing
Choose a manufacturer that offers in-house testing and inspection services. This ensures that the forged sleeves meet your specifications and quality requirements before shipping them.
B. On-Time Delivery
On-time delivery is crucial for any project. Select a manufacturer with a track record of delivering orders on time to avoid potential delays or disruptions to your project schedule.
C. After-Sales Support
After-sales support is an essential aspect of any business relationship. Choose a manufacturer that offers excellent customer service and support, including addressing any concerns or issues you may have with the forged sleeves after delivery.
Why Choose Guanxin to Be Your forged sleeve Supplier?
At Guanxin, we pride ourselves on providing top-notch forged sleeves that meet industry standards. Our state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities and experienced team of engineers ensure that every forged sleeve we produce is exceptional, with precise dimensions and impeccable surface finish. By choosing Guanxin as your forged sleeve supplier, you can be confident that you are receiving products that will exceed your expectations and stand the test of time.
Wide Range of Materials and Sizes
Our extensive selection of materials and sizes sets us apart from other forged sleeve suppliers. We offer a diverse range of metals, including stainless steel, alloy steel, carbon steel, and superalloys, to meet the unique requirements of various industries. Our forged sleeves are available in various diameters and lengths, ensuring we can fulfill any order, no matter how specialized or demanding.
Tailored Solutions for Your Specific Needs
At Guanxin, we understand that each customer has unique requirements and challenges. That’s why we offer customized solutions tailored to your specific needs. Our skilled engineers will work closely with you to develop and produce forged sleeves that meet your specifications. Whether you require a particular material, size, or surface finish, we have the expertise and resources to deliver the perfect solution for your project.
Competitive Pricing and Exceptional Value
We know that cost is crucial when selecting a forged sleeve supplier. At Guanxin, we are committed to providing our customers with competitive pricing without compromising quality. Our streamlined manufacturing processes and extensive industry experience allow us to offer exceptional value, ensuring that you receive the best possible product at a fair price.
Fast Lead Times and Reliable Delivery
In today’s fast-paced business world, time is of the essence. We understand the importance of delivering your forged sleeves promptly and reliably. Our efficient production processes and well-established logistics network ensure that your order will be completed and delivered on time every time. By choosing Guanxin as your forged sleeve supplier, you can rest assured that your project will stay on track and schedule.
Unparalleled Customer Support
Customer satisfaction is at the core of our business. Our dedicated customer support team is always available to answer any questions or address any concerns. From the moment you place your order to the final delivery of your forged sleeves, we will be with you every step to ensure a seamless and hassle-free experience.
Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing
At Guanxin, we recognize the importance of protecting the environment and are committed to sustainable manufacturing practices. Our eco-friendly production processes and adherence to strict environmental regulations ensure that our forged sleeves are produced with minimal environmental impact. By choosing Guanxin as your forged sleeve supplier, you can be confident that you are partnering with a company that values and prioritizes environmental responsibility.
Global Presence and Reputation
As a leading global forged sleeve supplier, Guanxin has established a strong presence and reputation in the international market. Our extensive network of satisfied customers and partners is a testament to our commitment to quality, innovation, and customer service. By partnering with Guanxin, you can be assured that you are working with a company with the expertise and resources to support your business globally.
State-of-the-Art Research and Development
Innovation is at the heart of our success at Guanxin. Our research and development team is constantly exploring new materials, technologies, and manufacturing techniques to improve the performance and durability of our forged sleeves. By staying at the forefront of industry advancements, we can offer our customers cutting-edge products that set the standard for quality and performance. When you choose Guanxin as your forged sleeve supplier, you can be sure that you are receiving products incorporating the latest industry innovations.
Strict Quality Control and Assurance
To guarantee the highest quality forged sleeves, we have implemented a rigorous quality control and assurance system at every stage of the production process. From selecting raw materials to the final inspection and testing finished products, our experienced quality control team ensures that every forged sleeve meets our strict quality standards. By maintaining our unwavering commitment to quality, we can provide our customers with forged sleeves they can trust to perform reliably in even the most demanding applications.
Certifications and Compliance
As a leading forged sleeve supplier, Guanxin is fully committed to complying with all applicable industry standards and regulations. We hold various certifications, including ISO, demonstrating our dedication to maintaining the highest levels of quality and safety in our products and processes. By choosing Guanxin as your forged sleeve supplier, you can be certain that you are partnering with a company that values compliance and adheres to the strictest industry standards.
Long-Term Partnerships and Collaboration
At Guanxin, we believe in building long-lasting relationships with our customers and partners. By fostering a collaborative environment and maintaining open lines of communication, we can better understand your needs and work together to achieve your goals. Our commitment to long-term partnerships ensures we can provide ongoing support and resources to help your business grow and succeed.
Experience and Expertise
With years of experience in the forged sleeve industry, our team of skilled professionals has the knowledge and expertise to provide you with the best possible solutions for your projects. Our in-depth understanding of various industries unique requirements and challenges enables us to offer expert guidance and advice to help you make the best decisions for your business.
Guanxin is the ideal choice for your forged sleeve supplier due to our commitment to quality, innovation, customer satisfaction, and environmental responsibility. Our extensive range of products, tailored solutions, competitive pricing, fast lead times, and exceptional customer support make us the preferred partner for businesses worldwide. By choosing Guanxin as your forged sleeve supplier, you can be confident that you are working with a company dedicated to your success.
Our forging product types
Item | Type | Section size/mm | Length/Height mm | Weight/ton |
1 | Circle/step axis class | Ø100-Ø1500 | ≤15000 | ≤15 |
2 | Flange type | ≤Ø3500 | ≤650 | ≤6 |
3 | Cylinder class | Ø200-Ø2000 | ≤3500 | ≤12 |
4 | Pie type class | Ø200-Ø2400 | ≤700 | ≤12 |
5 | Valve box/sleeve type | Ø250-1200 | ≤2000 | ≤12 |
6 | Single/double, long/short | Ø200-Ø2000 | ≤10000 | ≤12 |
Shaft flange type | ||||
7 | Cross axis class | ≤Ø2000 | ≤500 | ≤10 |
8 | Square class | 100-1500 | ≤10000 | ≤12 |
Export Country For Forged Sleeves
MIDDLE EAST | AFRICA | NORTH AMERICA | EUROPE | ASIA | SOUTH AMERICA |
Saudi Arabia | Nigeria | Usa | Russia | India | Argentina |
Iran | Algeria | Canada | Norway | Singapore | Bolivia |
Iraq | Angola | Mexico | Germany | Malaysia | Brazil |
Uae | South Africa | Panama | France | Indonesia | Chile |
Qatar | Libya | Costa Rica | Italy | Thailand | Venezuela |
Bahrain | Egypt | Puerto Rica | Uk | Vietnam | Colombia |
Oman | Sudan | Trinidad And Tobago | Spain | South Korea | Ecuador |
Kuwait | Equatorial Guinea | Jamaica | Ukraine | Japan | Guyana |
Turkey | The Republic Of Congo | Bahamas | Netherland | Sri Lanka | Paraguay |
Yemen | Gabon | Denmark | Belgium | Maldives | Uruguay |
Syria | Greece | Bangladesh | |||
Jordan | Czech Republic | Mayanmar | |||
Cyprus | Portugal | Taiwan | |||
Hungary | Cambodia | ||||
Albania | |||||
Austria | |||||
Switzerland | |||||
Slovakia | |||||
Finland | |||||
Ireland | |||||
Croatia | |||||
Slovenia | |||||
Malta |
Leave a Reply